Matrine is a natural alkaloid with a dual mechanism of action. In agriculture, it is used as a biological insecticide. Upon contact, it paralyzes the central nervous system of pests, causing protein coagulation and suffocation by blocking their spiracles.

Matrine is a plant-derived insecticide extracted from the roots and fruits of the legume *Sophora flavescens* using ethanol as the extraction solvent. Under natural conditions, it decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. Matrine is a low-toxicity, low-residue, and environmentally friendly insecticide used to control pests such as pine caterpillars, tea moths, and cabbage white butterflies. It possesses highly effective insecticidal activity, is unlikely to induce resistance, and also has multiple functions, including regulating plant growth.

1. Agricultural Application:

Mechanism of Action of a Highly Effective Biological Pesticide:

A. Matrine has a highly effective killing effect on various pests such as aphids, spider mites, bollworms, and diamondback moths.

B. Nervous System Parasitism: Upon contact, the central nervous system of pests is paralyzed.

C. Protein coagulation and suffocation: Matrine causes protein coagulation in pests, blocking spiracles and ultimately leading to suffocation and death.

D. Inhibition of development and oviposition: Matrine affects the normal development of pests and inhibits oviposition in adults.

E. Low resistance: Because its components are composed of various alkaloids with similar chemical structures, pests are unlikely to develop resistance.

2. Main characteristics:

1). Green and environmentally friendly: Matrine is derived from nature and is environmentally friendly. It can be degraded or metabolized in the environment into simple natural compounds. Its active ingredients consist only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Its final decomposition products in the environment are carbon dioxide and water, making it an ideal agent for producing green and organic agricultural products.

2). Broad-spectrum insecticidal and fungicidal activity: Matrine is derived from plants and is a collective term for various alkaloids. It can not only kill insects but also treat diseases. Pests and diseases are unlikely to develop resistance, and it has a high-efficiency control effect on more than 30 kinds of pests and diseases. (3) Long-lasting efficacy: Matrine's efficacy lasts for approximately 10-15 days, more than twice that of ordinary chemical pesticides.

3. Target pests:

a. Insecticides (mite killers): Matrine is effective against early-stage diamondback moth larvae and tea black tussock moth larvae. Matrine can control various vegetable pests, including cabbage caterpillars, aphids, melon aphids, stem borers, ladybugs, beet armyworms, flea beetles, diamondback moths, blue leafhoppers, and leek maggots; it can control various fruit tree pests, such as leafhoppers, tussock moths, inchworms, mites, scale insects, scarab beetles, and stink bugs; it can control autumn webworms and pine caterpillars; it can control various grain pests, such as armyworms, wheat gall midges, locusts, as well as underground pests such as cutworms, grubs, and wireworms. Matrine is particularly effective against various aphids, with a control rate exceeding 90%.

b. Matrine has a strong inhibitory effect on wheat scab, apple anthracnose, tomato gray mold, and vegetable downy mildew, powdery mildew, gray mold, and wilt.

Caution: Matrine has a certain degree of toxicity; excessive intake may lead to poisoning.

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